Dialogue

Vocabulary

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Lesson Notes

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Lesson Transcript

Introduction
Neha: "Namaste," I'm Neha, and welcome to the Absolute Beginner Series, Lesson 5, Hindi Numbers from 0-10.
Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya.
Neha: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to count numbers from 1 to 10 in Hindi.
Maya: The conversation takes place at a park.
Neha: The conversation is between Aarti and Radha who are walking their dogs at a park.
Maya: The speakers have just sat down on the same bench and since they don't know each other, they will be using formal Hindi.
Neha: Let's listen to their conversation.
Dialogue
आरती (aaraTii): आपकी कितनी बिल्लियाँ हैं? (aapakii kiTaNii biLLiyaan hain?)
राधा (raaDHaa): मेरी एक बिल्ली है। (merii ek biLLii hai.)
आरती (aaraTii): और कितने कुत्ते हैं? (aur kiTaNe kuTTe hain?)
राधा (raaDHaa): दो। (Do.)
Maya: Now let's listen to the same conversation at a slow speed.
आरती (aaraTii): आपकी कितनी बिल्लियाँ हैं? (aapakii kiTaNii biLLiyaan hain?)
राधा (raaDHaa): मेरी एक बिल्ली है। (merii ek biLLii hai.)
आरती (aaraTii): और कितने कुत्ते हैं? (aur kiTaNe kuTTe hain?)
राधा (raaDHaa): दो। (Do.)
Neha: Let's now listen to the conversation with English translation.
आरती (aaraTii): आपकी कितनी बिल्लियाँ हैं? (aapakii kiTaNii biLLiyaan hain?)
Neha: "How many cats do you have?"
राधा (raaDHaa): मेरी एक बिल्ली है। (merii ek biLLii hai.)
Maya: "I have one cat."
आरती (aaraTii): और कितने कुत्ते हैं? (aur kiTaNe kuTTe hain?)
Neha: "And how many dogs?"
राधा (raaDHaa): दो। (Do.)
Maya: "Two."
Banter section
Neha: Did you all know that India has its own number system?
Maya: It's officially called the Hindu–Arabic numeral system or the Hindu numeral system.
Neha: Besides India, it is still widely used in Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.
Maya: And these numbers have their own Devanagari script and closely resemble Greek and Latin numbers in their pronunciations.
Neha: Which makes sense because Sanskrit is actually an Indo-European language.
Maya: Many of you might be wondering what the difference is between Sanskrit and Devanagari...well...
Neha: Devanagari is a script whereas Sanskrit is a language. So, Devanagari is the script that is used for writing Hindi, Marathi and, Nepali languages which all have their origins in Sanskrit.
Maya: Anyway, you know that numbers are a must in any language – while shopping, telling time, calling people...we need to know the numbers. So let's get started!
Vocabulary section
Neha: Yes, let's first go over the words that were used in the conversation.
Maya: We'll first say the words at natural speed, then a bit slower, and finally we'll give you the meaning.
Neha: So, are you ready? Our first word is आपकी (aapakii), आ-प-की (aa-pa-kii), आपकी (aapakii).
Maya: Which means "your."
Neha: Next, we have कितनी (kiTaNii), कित-नी (kiTa-Nii), कितनी (kiTaNii).
Maya: Which means "how many."
Neha: Then is बिल्लियाँ (biLLiyaan), बिल्-लि-याँ (biL-Li-yaan), बिल्लियाँ (biLLiyaan).
Maya: Which means "cats."
Neha: Next is हैं (hain), हैं (hain), हैं (hain).
Maya: Which is the to-be verb "are."
Neha: Then is, मेरी (merii), मे-री (me-rii), मेरी (merii).
Maya: Which means "my."
Neha: Next is एक (ek), एक (ek), एक (ek).
Maya: Which is the number "one."
Neha: Next we have बिल्ली (biLLii), बिल्-ली (biL-Lii), बिल्ली (biLLii).
Maya: Which means "cat."
Neha: Next is कुत्ते (kuTTe), कुत्-ते (kuT-Te), कुत्ते (kuTTe).
Maya: Which means "dog."
Neha: Next we have कितने (kiTaNe), कित-ने (kiTa-Ne), कितने (kiTaNe).
Maya: Which means "how many."
Neha: And lastly, we have दो (Do), दो (Do), दो (Do).
Maya: Which is the number "two."
Key Vocabulary and Phrases from the Dialogue
Neha: Let's look at some of these words in more detail.
Maya: So, in the conversation…,
Neha: आपकी कितनी बिल्लियाँ हैं? (aapakii kiTaNii biLLiyaan hain?)
Maya: "How many cats do you have?"
Neha: आपकी (aapakii) means "your," कितनी (kiTaNii) means "how many," बिल्लियाँ (biLLiyaan) means "cats," and हैं (hain) means "are."
Maya: So literally it means, "your how many cats are?" which translates as, "How many cats do you have?"
Neha: आपकी (aapakii), which means "your," is a possessive pronoun that is used for both singular and plural feminine nouns.
Maya: Remember that in Hindi, all nouns have a gender - masculine and feminine
Neha: And the possessive pronouns always depend on the gender and the number of the thing being possessed.
Maya: And not on who is doing the possessing.
Neha: So here, आपकी (aapakii), which means "your," depends on the gender of the noun "cats," which in Hindi is feminine.
Maya: What about dogs?
Neha: Well, "dogs" or कुत्ते (kuTTe), are masculine nouns in which case, "your dogs" would be आपके कुत्ते (aapake kuTTe).
Maya: So आपके (aapake) instead of आपकी (aapakii).
Neha: And along the same lines, the question "how many" also changes according to the number and gender of the nouns.
Maya: कितनी (kiTaNii), which means "how many," is used for asking the number of both singular and plural feminine nouns.
Neha: कितना (kiTaNaa) is used for asking the number of singular masculine nouns.
Maya: And कितने (kiTaNe) is used for asking the number of plural masculine nouns.
Neha: Since, cats or बिल्लियाँ (biLLiyaan) are plural feminine nouns, we used कितनी (kiTaNii). आपकी कितनी बिल्लियाँ हैं? (aapakii kiTaNii biLLiyaan hain?)
Maya: "How many cats do you have?"
Neha: How would you ask, "How many dogs do you have?"
Maya: Well, dogs are कुत्ते (kuTTe) and they are masculine plural nouns, so we need to use कितने (kiTaNe).
Neha: Good. So the sentence is आपके कितने कुत्ते हैं? (aapake kiTaNe kuTTe hain?)
Maya: This might sound a bit complicated right now, but don't worry.
Neha: There's a way we can tell apart most masculine nouns from feminine nouns.
Maya: But we'll talk about that in another lesson. For now, on to the grammar!
Grammar point
Maya: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to count the number from zero to ten. We'll first say the number in English and then in Hindi, first at natural speed and then a bit slower. And finally, again, at natural speed.
Neha: Listeners, remember to repeat after me.
Maya: Let's get started. First is - "zero."
Neha: शून्य (suuNy), शून्-य (suuN-ya), शून्य (suuNy).
Maya: "One."
Neha: एक (ek), एक (ek), एक (ek).
Maya: "Two."
Neha: दो (Do), दो (Do), दो (Do)
Maya: "Three."
Neha: तीन (TiiN), तीन (TiiN), तीन (TiiN).
Maya: "Four."
Neha: चार (caar), चार (caar), चार (caar).
Maya: "Five."
Neha: पाँच (paanc), पाँच (paanc), पाँच (paanc).
Maya: "Six."
Neha: छः (chah), छः (chah), छः (chah).
Maya: "Seven."
Neha: सात (SaaT), सात (SaaT), सात (SaaT).
Maya: "Eight."
Neha: आठ (aath), आ-ठ (aa-th), आठ (aath).
Maya: "Nine."
Neha: नौ (Nau), नौ (Nau), नौ (Nau).
Maya: "Ten."
Neha: दस (DaS), दस (DaS), दस (DaS).
Maya: Okay, that's all the numbers we're going to cover in this lesson. Should we go over it one more time?
Neha: Sure, everyone, repeat after me.
Maya: "zero"
Neha: शून्य "shunya,
Maya: "One."
Neha: एक (ek)
Maya: "Two."
Neha: दो (do)
Maya: "Three."
Neha: तीन (teen)
Maya: "Four."
Neha: चार (caar)
Maya: "Five."
Neha: पाँच (paanc
Maya: "Six."
Neha: छः (chah
Maya: "Seven."
Neha: सात (saat)
Maya: "Eight."
Neha: आठ (aath)
Maya: "Nine."
Neha: नौ (nau)
Maya: "Ten."
Neha: दस (das)
Maya: Let's listen to some examples.
Neha: Okay. तीन लड़कियाँ (TiiN Ladakiyaan).
Maya: Means "three girls." Please repeat.
Neha: तीन लड़कियाँ (TiiN Ladakiyaan).
Neha: दस घोड़े (DaS ghode).
Maya: Means "ten horses." Repeat.
Neha: दस घोड़े (DaS ghode).
Neha: Next is, एक लड़का (ek Ladakaa).
Maya: Which means "one boy." Repeat.
Neha: एक लड़का (ek Ladakaa).

Outro

Neha: Well, that's all for our lesson. Be sure to read the lesson notes for more examples!
Maya: Thank you for listening. Until next time!
Neha: शुक्रिया और फिर मिलेंगे! (sukriyaa aur phir miLenge!)

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