Learn about expressing "when"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Maya: Namaste, I'm Maya. Welcome back to HindiPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 24 - An Indian Festival of Light |
| Udita: Namaste, मैं हूं उदिता। (main Udita hoon). I'm Udita. In this lesson, you'll learn the usage of “when” in Hindi. |
| Maya: The conversation takes place at the office. |
| Udita It’s between Kate and Arti. |
| Maya: They are friends, so they’ll be using informal Hindi. |
| Udita: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| केट: आज इतनी आतिशबाजी क्यूँ है? (Kate: aaj itni aatishbaaji kyun hai?) |
| कनिका: क्यूंकि दिवाली का त्यौहार आने वाला है ै| (kanika: kyunki diwaali ka tyohaar aane waala hai) |
| केट: वह कब है ? (kate: vah kab hai?) |
| कनिका : वह परसों है| (kanika: vah parson hai) |
| केट: उसमें क्या करते हैं| (kate: usmein kya karte hain?) |
| कनिका : सब मिलकर पटाखे जलाते हैं और दिए भी जलाते हैं| (kanika: sab milkar patakhe jalate hain aur diye bhi jalate hain) |
| Maya: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| केट: आज इतनी आतिशबाजी क्यूँ है? (Kate: aaj itni aatishbaaji kyun hai?) |
| कनिका: क्यूंकि दिवाली का त्यौहार आने वाला है ै| (kanika: kyunki diwaali ka tyohaar aane waala hai) |
| केट: वह कब है ? (kate: vah kab hai?) |
| कनिका : वह परसों है| (kanika: vah parson hai) |
| केट: उसमें क्या करते हैं| (kate: usmein kya karte hain?) |
| कनिका : सब मिलकर पटाखे जलाते हैं और दिए भी जलाते हैं| (kanika: sab milkar patakhe jalate hain aur diye bhi jalate hain) |
| Maya: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| केट: आज इतनी आतिशबाजी क्यूँ है? (Kate: aaj itni aatishbaaji kyun hai?) |
| kate : Why are there so many fireworks today? |
| कनिका: क्यूंकि दिवाली का त्यौहार आने वाला है ै| (kanika: kyunki diwaali ka tyohaar aane waala hai) |
| kanika: Because the festival of Diwali is coming soon. |
| केट: वह कब है ? (kate: vah kab hai?) |
| kate: When is it? |
| कनिका : वह परसों है| (kanika: vah parson hai) |
| kanika: It’s the day after tomorrow. |
| केट: उसमें क्या करते हैं| (kate: usmein kya karte hain?) |
| kate: What do we do for it? |
| कनिका : सब मिलकर पटाखे जलाते हैं और दिए भी जलाते हैं| (kanika: sab milkar patakhe jalate hain aur diye bhi jalate hain) |
| kanika: Everyone lights up fireworks together, and also lamps. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya Okay, let’s talk about festivals. India is a land of festivals! |
| Udita: Yes that’s so true, you have a variety of festivals you can go to each year. Each one brings its own colors and festivities. |
| Maya: It’s a celebration of culture and tradition. |
| Udita: One of the key festivals celebrated all across India is Diwali, which is also called the “Festival of Lights”. Lighting candles, lamps and fireworks are the main highlights of Diwali. |
| Maya: This festival also represents the victory of good over evil as per the Hindu mythology. |
| Udita: Another important festival is Holi, which is commonly known as the "Festival of Colors". |
| Maya: For this festival, people throw colored powder and water all over each other to welcome spring, since they believe that spring is full of colors. |
| Udita: Dussehra is another festival celebrated all over India. It celebrates the defeat of the demon king Ravana by Lord Rama. |
| Maya: In eastern India, the festival is observed as Durga Puja. |
| Udita: Listeners, which festival sounds most interesting to you? |
| Maya: Let us know in the comments!! Okay, now let’s move onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Maya: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is... |
| Udita: इतनी (iTnii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: so much |
| Udita: इतनी (iTnii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] इतनी (iTnii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Next |
| Udita: आतिशबाजी (aaTishbaajii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: fireworks |
| Udita: आतिशबाजी (aaTishbaajii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] आतिशबाजी (aaTishbaajii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Next |
| Udita: दिवाली (Diwalii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Diwali |
| Udita: दिवाली (Diwalii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] दिवाली (Diwalii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Next |
| Udita: त्यौहार (Tyohaar) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: festival |
| Udita: त्यौहार (Tyohaar) [slowly - broken down by syllable] त्यौहार (Tyohaar) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Next |
| Udita: कब (kab) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: when |
| Udita: कब (kab) [slowly - broken down by syllable] कब (kab) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Next |
| Udita: मिलकर (milkar) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: together |
| Udita: मिलकर (milkar) [slowly - broken down by syllable] मिलकर (milkar) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Next |
| Udita: पटाखे (patakhe) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: crackers |
| Udita: पटाखे (patakhe) [slowly - broken down by syllable] पटाखे (patakhe) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: Next |
| Udita: दिए (Diye) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: lamps |
| Udita: दिए (Diye) [slowly - broken down by syllable] दिए (Diye) [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Maya Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Udita First we have इतनी meaning “so many”. The meaning itself says “many”, so this word is used for plural subjects. |
| Maya: It changes forms according to the gender of the noun. |
| Udita: For feminine nouns, we use itni. It becomes itne for masculine nouns. |
| Maya: For example, “color” is a masculine noun. |
| Udita So we’ll say itne rang which means “so many colors”. |
| Maya: What’s next? |
| Udita: Next is आने वाला है which means “about to come”. This phrase is used for singular masculine subjects. To use it for singular feminine subjects, it becomes आने वाली है . For plural masculine subjects, we say आने वाले हैं, and for plural feminine subjects, we say आने वाली हैं |
| Maya: For example, we could say नयी फिल्म आने वाली है which means “A new movie is about to come”. |
| Udita: Since “movie” is a feminine noun in Hindi, and in the sentence we are talking about one film, we used aane waali hai. |
| Maya: So if we change “film” to “films”, it becomes a plural feminine noun. Now we’d say नयी फिल्में आने वाली हैं which means “New movies are about to come”. |
| Udita: Next, let’s look at सब मिलकर. Here सब means “everyone” and मिलकर means “together”. So it becomes “everyone together”. |
| Maya: Another word that can be used instead of sab is saare, which also means “everyone”. So we could also say saare milkar which means “everyone together”. |
| Udita: Okay, onto the grammar! |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Maya: In this lesson you’ll learn the usage of “when” in Hindi. |
| Udita: Interrogative words usually start with k because question words begin with the k sound. For example kyun, kab, kahaan, kaise, kaun, kiska. |
| Maya: The question word for “when” is कब, and the question word is always stressed. |
| Udita The usage of कब is very similar to “when” in English. For example, तुम कब मिलोगे ? where Tum means “you”, kab means “when” , and miloge means “will meet”. |
| Maya: So it becomes “you when will meet” and translates as “when will you meet”. |
| Udita: तुमने यह कब खरीदा? which means “when did you buy this?” Here tum means “you”, and ne is a postposition used with subject noun phrases usually with the verbs in the past tense. yah means “this”, kab means “when”, and khariida means “bought” |
| Maya: So it becomes “you this when bought” and translates as “when did you buy this?” |
| Udita: तुमने यह कब खरीदा? There is always a rise in the intonation on the question word. |
| Maya: Ok, now let’s have a quiz! “When is your birthday” in Hindi would be? |
| Udita: तुम्हारा जन्मदिन कब है? |
| Maya: “When will you go to Japan?” |
| Udita: तुम जापान कब जाओगी? |
| Maya: “When will your friend come?” |
| Udita: तुम्हारा दोस्त कब आएगा ? |
| Maya: The question word kab can also be used as an adverb. This word can be repeated to show intensity and distribution. For example, we could say यह दवाई कब कब खानी है| |
| Maya: Which means “When should I take these medicines”? |
Outro |
|---|
| Maya: Well, that's all for this lesson. Be sure to read the lesson notes for more examples! |
| Udita: Listeners, can you say “When will you eat?” in Hindi? If you can, please leave us a comment saying it at HindiPod101.com. |
| Maya: Thank you for listening. Until next time! |
| Udita: "Shukriyaa aur fir milenge!" |
11 Comments
HideHi everyone!
Let's use "when" in a sentence in Hindi.
Hi Alice,
Thanks for posting!
You are making excellent progress!
Keep learning and let us know if you have any questions.
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
Hi Kakembo,
Thanks for posting!
I think you meant to say "When will you eat"? If yes, try this:
खाना कब खाओगे / खाएंगे? (khaaNaa kab khaaoge / khaayenge?)
I hope this helps!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
तुम छुट्टी पर कब जा रहे हो
अगले सप्ताह
खाना खावोगे कब
Hi Allan,
Thanks for posting!
It is an excellent way to use the Hindi word "kab" (when). If you would like to say, "When will you play," try this:
आप कब खेलेंगे? (aap kab kheLenge?)
All the best!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
App kab kalthe ha
(When will you play)
Hi Caroline,
That is perfect!
If you have any questions, feel free to let us know.
All the best!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
aap kab khaenge / tum kab khaoge
(when will you eat)
Hello Paula,
Could you also give the English translation. I am not quite sure what you mean. Maybe a word is incorrect here and there:flushed:
Cheers,
Neha
Team HindiPod101.com
Tum Kab karnaa Khane?