Today’s lesson is about the ten most popular Hindi sentence patterns that Indians use on a daily basis. For each sentence category, we’ll provide both simple and more complex Hindi sentence structure examples.
Learning these basic Hindi sentence patterns will not only give you an edge over others, but also help you craft many more useful sentences so you can talk like a pro!
The best thing about this lesson is that even if you’re a beginner, you can understand the examples without much trouble, and gradually use every Hindi sentence pattern to practice your day-to-day conversational skills.
So, what are you waiting for? Let’s get started. 🙂
Table of Contents- Sentences Linking Two Nouns
- Sentences with Adjectives
- Sentences to Express Desire
- Sentences to Express Needs
- Sentences to Express Your Likes
- Sentences to Express Requests
- Sentences for Seeking Permission
- Asking the “What” Questions
- Asking About the Time
- Asking About the Location
- How to Get the Most Out of HindiPod101.com
1. Sentences Linking Two Nouns
Our first Hindi sentence pattern is used to link two nouns together. For instance, who is what, what is whose, who gave you what, and so on!
How do you do that? Well, as far as the subjects are concerned, this simple Hindi sentence pattern is very similar to its English counterpart. In simpler words, the main subject is always at the beginning of the sentence.
If you’re completely new to the concept of Hindi sentence structure and sentence patterns, then you can start to figure it all out with our lesson on Hindi Conjugations.
दीपक मेरा भाई है।Diipak meraa bhaaii hai. | “Deepak is my brother.” |
मेरी बहन एक रंगमंच कलाकार है।merii bahaN ek rangamaNc kaLaakaar hai. | “My sister is a theater artist.” |
यह लैपटॉप मेरे दोस्त का है।yah Laipataup mere DoST kaa hai. | “This is my friend‘s laptop.” |
Let’s make it even better and try out some complex Hindi sentence patterns with three nouns.
मेरी टीचर और मेरी बहन दोनों बचपन की सहेलियां हैं।merii tiicar aur merii bahaN DoNon bacapaN kii SaheLiiyaan hain. | “Both my teacher and my sister are childhood friends.” |
यह कार और बाइक मुझे तोहफ़े में मिली हैं।yah kaar aur baaik mujhe Tohafe men miLii hain. | “I got this car and bike as gifts.” |
2. Sentences with Adjectives
No matter what languages we speak, it’s hard to imagine our conversations without adjectives. Have you found someone beautiful, tasted delicious Indian food, or wished to buy that blue shirt? Hindi adjectives are the best way to express exactly what you’re talking about.
Feel free to check out our comprehensive article on the Top 100 Hindi Adjectives, and polish your Hindi language sentences!
One useful tip is that the adjective always comes after the related noun. However, if there happens to be an adverb in the sentence, it may disrupt this noun and adjective placement in a few cases.
Here are some examples of how to make a Hindi sentence using adjectives:
तुम बहुत सुंदर हो।Tum bahuT SunDar ho. | “You are beautiful.” |
ये सब्ज़ी स्वादिष्ट है।yah Sabzii SvaaDist hai. | “This curry is delicious.” |
जूस बहुत ठंडा है।juuS bahuT thaNdaa hai. | “The juice is quite chilled.” |
मेरे कमरे की दीवार नीली है और दरवाज़ा भूरे रंग का है। mere kamare kii Diivaar NiiLii hai aur Daravaazaa bhuure rang kaa hai. | “The walls in my room are blue and the door is brown.” |
यह उपन्यास डरावना भी है और दिलचस्प भी।yah upaNyaaS daraavaNaa bhii hai aur DiLacaSp bhii. | “This novel is scary and interesting at the same time.” |
3. Sentences to Express Desire
Desires are like water bubbles in the human heart. Each moment brings a new wish. Well, not every wish can be fulfilled, but with the right Hindi sentences, there’s no stopping us from expressing them.
Whether you’re craving a cup of coffee or dying to have that chat over the phone with your friends, the examples below will give you a fair idea of how to let someone know.
मुझे एक कप चाय चाहिए।mujhe ek kap caay caahiye. | “I want a cup of tea.” |
मेरा आराम करने का मन है।meraa aaraam karaNe kaa maN hai. | “I want to get some rest.” |
ललिता आपसे कुछ पूछना चाहती है।LaLiTaa aap Se kuch puuchaNaa caahaTii hai. | “Lalita wants to ask you something.” |
It’s time to up your game and practice these complicated Hindi sentence patterns now.
मैं चाहती हूँ कि तुम ख़ूब मेहनत करो और जीवन में तरक़्क़ी करो।main caahaTii huun ki Tum khuub mehaNaT karo aur jiivaN men Taraqqii karo. | “I want you to work really hard and progress in life.” |
सरिता सिर्फ़ यह जानना चाहती है कि क्या उसे यहाँ नौकरी मिल सकती है?SariTaa Sirf yah jaaNaNaa caahaTii hai ki kyaa uSe yahaan Naukrii miL SakaTii hai? | “Sarita just wants to know if she could get a job here?” |
4. Sentences to Express Needs
Sometimes, things are urgent and you really have to get them done. In these situations, you may need to let others know about these necessities or top-priority tasks!
Most of these Hindi sentence patterns use infinitive verb forms at the end of the sentence. Here are some relevant Hindi sentence structure examples:
मुझे घर जाना है।mujhe ghar jaaNaa hai. | “I have to go home.” |
मुझे दवा खानी है।mujhe Davaa khaaNii hai. | “I have to take medicine.” |
मुझे एक छाता चाहिए।mujhe ek chaaTaa caahiye. | “I need an umbrella.” |
In addition to the basic Hindi sentence patterns, it’s also important to practice the more complex sentences. Because, let’s face it, you’ll need them at one point or another.
मुझे कल सुबह चार बजे किसी भी हाल में हवाई अड्डे पहुँचना होगा।mujhe kaL Subah caar baje kiSii bhii haaL men havaaii adde pahuncaNaa hogaa. | “I need to reach the airport tomorrow by four a.m.” |
आपको दिन में दो बार खुली हवा में सैर करना चाहिए।aap ko DiN men Do baar khuLii havaa men Sair karaNaa caaahiye. | “You should go for a walk in the fresh air twice a day.” |
5. Sentences to Express Your Likes
Next in our list of Hindi sentence patterns are the phrases you can use to talk about your likes and preferences. These may include your hobbies, favorite movies, or way of living.
We’ve included a few Hindi sentence examples to make it really simple and easy to understand. As you can see, even beginners can practice them and learn how to form sentences in Hindi.
मुझे खाना बनाना पसंद है।mujhe khaaNaa baNaaNaa paSaND hai. | “I like to cook.” |
तुम्हें किताबें पढ़ने का शौक़ है।Tumhen kiTaaben padhaNe kaa sauq hai. | “You like to read books.” |
मुझे शतरंज खेलना पसंद है।mujhe saTaraNj kheLaNaa paSaND hai. | “I like to play chess.” |
सीमा को सर्दी के मौसम में जल्दी उठ कर दौड़ लगाना अच्छा लगता है।Siimaa ko SarDii ke mauSam men jaLDii uth kar Daud LagaaNaa acchaa LagaTaa hai. | “In the winter season, Seema likes to get up early and go running.” |
फ़ैज़ को शाम में दोस्तों के साथ समय बिताना बेहद पसंद है। faiz ko saam men DoSTon ke SaaTH Samay biTaaNaa behaD paSaND hai. | “Faiz loves to spend some time in the evening with his friends.” |
6. Sentences to Express Requests
Another essential Hindi sentence pattern is that for expressing requests. Whether in the office, or another public place like a restaurant or hospital, a gentle request can take you a long way.
Let’s see the most common Hindi sentence pattern for making requests in Hindi and winning people’s hearts.
कृपया बैठ जाइये।kripayaa baith jaaiye. | “Please, take your seat.” |
कृपया शांति बनाये रखें।kripayaa saaNTi baNaaye rakhen. | “Please, maintain silence.” |
कृपया ध्यान से सुनें।kripayaa DHyaaN Se SuNen. | “Please, listen carefully.” |
कृपया लाइन में खड़े होकर शांतिपूर्वक अपनी बारी का इंतज़ार करें।kripayaa LaaiN men khade hokar saaNTipuurvak apaNii baarii kaa iNTazaar karen. | “Kindly, stand in line and wait for your turn.” |
कृपया मुझे मेज़ पर रखी वो काले रंग की किताब उठाकर दें। kripayaa mujhe mez par rakhii vo kaaLe rang kii kiTaab uthaakar Den. | “Please, pass me that black book kept on the table.” |
As you can see, the magic word “please,” or कृपया (kripayaa) in Hindi, gets the job done in each example. Moreover, grammatically, these basic Hindi sentence patterns for making requests also use plural verb forms, regardless of whether the noun is singular or plural.
7. Sentences for Seeking Permission
Courtesy is an inseparable aspect of humankind; the last thing we wish to do is offend someone. To avoid any such situations, it’s important that you learn an appropriate way to ask for permission!
The most commonly used Hindi phrases for “can” or “may” are: सकता हूँ (SakaTaa huun), सकती हूँ (SakaTii huun), and सकते हैं (SakaTe hain).
Here are some examples of useful Hindi sentence constructions for asking permission:
क्या मैं अंदर आ सकता हूँ / सकती हूँ?kyaa main aNDar aa SakaTaa huun / SakaTii huun? | “May I come in?” |
क्या मुझे पीने का पानी मिल सकता है?kyaa mujhe piiNe kaa paaNii miL SakaTaa hai? | “Can I get some water?” |
क्या मैं आपका शुभ नाम जान सकता / सकती हूँ?kyaa main aapakaa subh Naam jaaN SakaTaa / SakaTii huun? | “May I know your good name, please?” |
क्या मैं भी आपके साथ लखनऊ में होने वाला पुस्तक मेला देखने चल सकता / सकती हूँ?kyaa main bhii aapake SaaTH LakhaNauu men hoNe vaaLaa puSTak meLaa DekhaNe caL SakaTaa / SakaTii huun? | “Can I come with you to the book fair going on in Lucknow?” |
क्या हम सब स्कूल की तरफ़ से बैडमिंटन प्रतियोगिता में भाग ले सकते हैं?kyaa ham Sab SkuuL kii Taraf Se baidamiNtaN praTiyogiTaa men bhaag Le SakaTe hain? | “Can we participate in the badminton tournament from the school side?” |
8. Asking the “What” Questions
There are many types of questions people ask each other on a daily basis. We’ll start with the Hindi sentence pattern for asking simple “what” questions.
In Hindi, “what” is क्या (kyaa). When we’re asking about a thing or for information, क्या (kyaa) comes right before the helping verb or the main verb. But of course, there can be exceptions.
यह क्या है?yah kyaa hai? | “What is this?” |
आपका नाम क्या है?aapakaa Naam kyaa hai? | “What is your name?” |
बॉस ने क्या कहा?baauS Ne kyaa kahaa? | “What did the boss say?” |
इस लिपस्टिक का दाम क्या है?iS LipaStik kaa Daam kyaa hai? | “What is the price of this lipstick?” |
हमने कल जो बिरयानी खायी थी उसका नाम क्या था? hamaNe kaL jo birayaaNii khaayii THii uSakaa Naam kyaa THaa? | “What was the name of that biryani we had yesterday?” |
9. Asking About the Time
After “what” comes “when” (i.e. asking about when a particular event, arrival, or departure will happen). In Hindi, “when” is कब (kab) or कितने बजे (kiTaNe baje).
Just like “what” in the Hindi sentences above, the interrogative word “when” comes at the beginning in English, but is placed just before the verb or helping verb in Hindi.
आप कब फ़्री हैं?aap kab frii hain? | “When are you free?” |
मीटिंग कब है?miiting kab hai? | “When is the meeting?” |
बस कब आएगी?baS kab aayegii? | “When will the bus arrive?” |
कंपनी को जो प्रॉजेक्ट मिला है वो कब शुरू होगा?kampaNii ko jo praujekt miLaa hai vo kab suruu hogaa? | “When will the project that our company grabbed start?” |
दिवाली की पूजा कितने बजे शुरू होगी?DivaaLii kii puujaa kiTaNe baje suruu hogii? | “At what time will the Diwali puja begin?” |
10. Asking About the Location
The last type of Hindi sentence pattern we’ll look at is used to ask “where” things are happening. In Hindi, “where” can be loosely translated in many ways. Some of the common phrases are कहाँ (kahaan), किस तरफ़ (kiS Taraf), and किधर (kiDHar).
तुम अभी कहाँ हो?Tum abhii kahaan ho? | “Where are you right now?” |
ये होटल किस तरफ़ है?ye hotaL kiS Taraf hai? | “Where is this hotel?” |
लिफ़्ट किधर है?Lift kiDHar hai? | “Where is the elevator?” |
आप जो दुकान बता रहे थे वो किधर है?aap jo DukaaN baTaa rahe THe vo kiDHar hai? | “Where is that shop you were talking about?” |
दिल्ली में थोक बाज़ार कहाँ पर है?DiLLii men THok baazaar kahaan par hai? | “Where is the wholesale market in Delhi?” |
11. How to Get the Most Out of HindiPod101.com
So, with this, we come to the end of our lesson on ten of the most useful Hindi sentence structures and sentence patterns. It wasn’t that difficult after all, right?
The key strategy is to take one step at a time. For instance, if you want to learn how to make a request in Hindi, just focus on those particular Hindi sentence patterns and master them. Once you’re confident with those, move on to the next category.
This lesson is designed for beginners. So, if you have any doubts or issues, now is the time to get rid of them. Share your issues with us in the comments below at HindiPod101.com, and we’ll do our best to resolve them for you. Meanwhile, you may also find our Hindi-English online dictionary to be quite helpful as you start your Hindi learning journey.
Even intermediate-level learners can enjoy and learn so much more from our world-class learning materials. So, have fun and keep learning!
Your Basic Guide to Hindi Verb Conjugation: Rules & Tips
As a beginner, you must have realized by now how important the topic of Hindi verb conjugation is! Yet this is a topic that leaves many people scratching their heads. The million-dollar question is “Why is it so essential to learn about conjugations in the Hindi language?” Well, here’s the answer. Hindi verb conjugation is a fundamental part of the Hindi language. After all, Hindi conjugation is unique compared to conjugation in other languages, and expresses the different verb forms based on various factors. Without Hindi verb conjugation, it would be difficult to make sense of any sentence structure or even the context of a conversation.
Table of Contents- Factors that Affect Hindi Conjugation
- What is Conjugation in Hindi?
- The Infinitive Verb Form in Hindi
- Hindi Personal Pronouns
- Regular and Irregular Verb Groups
- Gender-Based Conjugations
- Auxiliary Verbs
- Tenses
- It’s Quiz Time!
- Reach the Next Level with HindiPod101.com
1. Factors that Affect Hindi Conjugation
There are a handful of factors that are responsible for the modifications that take place in Hindi conjugations:
- Gender
- Subject / Person
- Number of people
- Tone
- Tense
Below, we’ll be covering all of these factors in a variety of ways, and see how the inflected verb form changes accordingly.
2. What is Conjugation in Hindi?
Conjugation is the inflection of the verb forms due to different essential factors. In Hindi, “conjugation” is called संयोजन (SanyojaN). The phrase “verb conjugation” is translated as क्रिया संयुग्मन (kriyaa SanyugmaN).
Now, in the conjugation of Hindi verbs, there are several elements to keep in mind. These include person (I, she, you, we, etc.), number of subjects, tenses, gender, and politeness level.
3. The Infinitive Verb Form in Hindi
Before we can understand the more detailed Hindi verb conjugation rules, we must delve into the most fundamental infinitive verb form.
To begin, let’s look at the Hindi “to be” conjugation, which is basically known as the Hindi -na verb conjugation. This is because, to conjugate this verb, you need to add ना (Naa) to the end. What does this mean?
Well, for any infinitive verb, the structure would be:
- Verb stem + ना (Naa)
So every verb stem would have ना (Naa) as a suffix.
Here are a few examples to help you grasp this conjugation in Hindi:
Verb Stem + Infinitive Suffix | Infinitive Verb Form | English Meaning |
---|---|---|
बोल (boL) + ना (Naa) | बोलना (boLaNaa) | “To speak” |
सो (So) + ना (Naa) | सोना (SoNaa) | “To sleep” |
जा (jaa) + ना (Naa) | जाना (jaaNaa) | “To go” |
Easy, isn’t it? Now, let’s try the same process with a couple of other common verbs.
Verb Stem + Infinitive Suffix | Infinitive Verb Form | English Meaning |
---|---|---|
खा (khaa) + ना (Naa) | खाना (khaaNaa) | “To eat” |
रो (ro) + ना (Naa) | रोना (roNaa) | “To cry” |
पी (pii) + ना (Naa) | पीना (piiNaa) | “To drink” |
Changing the verb stem into the infinitive verb form is the first step to take when learning how to conjugate in Hindi. Now that we’re thoroughly familiar with the infinitive verbs, let’s learn about the various personal pronouns used by native Hindi speakers.
With the examples below, we’ll be able to comprehend and observe how verb conjugation works.
4. Hindi Personal Pronouns
Subject | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
1st Person | “I” = मैं (main) | “We” = हम लोग (ham Log) |
2nd Person (Casual) | “You” = तुम (Tum) / तू (Tuu) | “You” = तुम लोग (Tum Log) |
2nd Person (Formal) | “You” = आप (aap) | “You” = आप लोग (aap Log) |
3rd Person | “He” / “She” = वह (vah) / वो (vo) | “They” = ये / वे लोग (ye / ve Log) |
Quick Note 1: In the plural pronouns “we,” “you,” and “they,” the word लोग (Log) can be replaced with सब (Sab). As a result, you can also say हम सब (ham Sab), तुम सब (Tum Sab), आप सब (aap Sab), and वे सब (ve Sab).
Quick Note 2: Proximity plays an important role in the usage of pronouns.
- The persons near us are referred to as “They” = ये लोग (ye Log).
- The pronoun for people who are physically far away from us is “They” = वे लोग (ve Log).
Quick Note 3: The formal second person pronouns are also used to denote respect toward the other person. This respect may be based on age difference, level of familiarity, or even personal preference.
5. Regular and Irregular Verb Groups
Compared to English, the Hindi verb conjugation system has more >regular verbs. That’s not to say there are no irregular verbs in Hindi. But because of their low number (maybe five or six), we mainly focus on the regular verbs.
In this lesson, you’ll see how the Hindi verb conjugations change from one gender to another, and one person to another, based on the tone and tenses.
6. Gender-Based Conjugations
Are you new to the gender-based grammatical know-hows? Then you must check out our latest blog post on Hindi Gender Rules. It’s a great way to refresh yourself on all of the gender rules and concepts that are followed in the Hindi language.
As far as the Hindi verb conjugations are concerned, we’ve narrowed it down to some really simple and practical hints that can take you a long way!
1 – Masculine Conjugations
- For singular masculine gender, the Hindi verb conjugation usually ends with the -aa sound.
Example:
बच्चा फल खाता
baccaa phaL khaaTaa hai.
“The kid eats the fruit.”
- On the other hand, the conjugated Hindi verbs for plural masculine gender ends with the -e sound.
Example:
बच्चे फल खाते हैं।
bacce phaL khaaTe hain.
“The kids eat fruit.”
- However, when it comes to paying respect and using a formal tone, natives tend to treat the singular person just like the plural person (i.e. with the -e sound).
Examples:
आप फल खाते हैं।
aap phaL khaaTe hain.
“You eat fruit.”
पिताजी फल खाते हैं।
piTaajii phaL khaaTe hain.
“Father eats fruit.”
2 – Feminine Conjugations
- For singular feminine gender, the Hindi conjugation for verbs usually ends with the -ii sound.
Example:
औरत बाज़ार गयी है।
auraT baazaar gayii hai.
“The woman has gone to the market.”
- On the other hand, the conjugation in Hindi for plural feminine gender ends with the -iin sound.
Example:
औरतें बाज़ार गयीं हैं।
auraTen baazaar gayiin hain.
“The women have gone to the market.”
- Similar to what happens with the masculine gender, when it comes to paying respect and using a formal tone, natives tend to treat the singular female person just like the plural (i.e. with the -iin sound).
Example:
माँ बाज़ार गयीं हैं।
maan baazaar gayiin hain.
“Mother has gone to the market.”
By now, you must have gained a fair amount of confidence in differentiating between the masculine and feminine Hindi verb conjugations. Let’s move forward to another important part of this lesson.
7. Auxiliary Verbs
If you wish to learn about verb conjugations in Hindi grammar, auxiliary verbs are the right step in that direction. Hindi is a language where we happen to use a lot of auxiliary verbs. Unlike in English, tones and the feelings of respect have a lot to do with auxiliary verbs in Hindi. Thus, it’s crucial to first pay attention to auxiliary verbs before trying to learn Hindi conjugation.
To make it more structured and interesting for you, we’ve divided various helping verbs according to the three Hindi tenses.
Let’s start with our first Hindi verb conjugation chart!
1 – Hindi Present Tense Conjugation
Masculine | Feminine | |||
Singular | Casual / Formal (I) | Casual / Formal (I) | ||
“Am” | हूँ (huun) | हूँ (huun) | हूँ (huun) | हूँ (huun) |
“Am doing” | कर रहा हूँ (kar rahaa huun) | कर रहा हूँ (kar rahaa huun) | कर रही हूँ (kar rahii huun) | कर रही हूँ (kar rahii huun) |
Singular | Casual (He) | Formal (He) | Casual (She) | Formal (She) |
“Is” | है (hai) | हैं (hain) | है (hai) | हैं (hain) |
“Is doing” | कर रहा है (kar rahaa hai) | कर रहे हैं (kar rahe hain) | कर रही है (kar rahii hai) | कर रही हैं (kar rahii hain) |
“Has done” | कर चुका है (kar cukaa hai) | कर चुके हैं (kar cuke hain) | कर चुकी है (kar cukii hai) | कर चुकी हैं (kar cukii hain) |
Plural | Casual (We / They) | Formal (We / They) | Casual (We / They) | Formal (We / They) |
“Are” | हैं (hain) | हैं (hain) | हैं (hain) | हैं (hain) |
“Are doing” | कर रहे हैं (kar rahe hain) | कर रहे हैं (kar rahe hain) | कर रही हैं (kar rahii hain) | कर रही हैं (kar rahii hain) |
“Have done” | कर चुके हैं (kar cuke hain) | कर चुके हैं (kar cuke hain) | कर चुकी हैं (kar cukii hain) | कर चुकी हैं (kar cukii hain) |
2 – Hindi Past Tense Conjugation
Masculine | Feminine | |||
Singular | Casual (I / He) | Formal (He) | Casual (I / She) | Formal (She) |
“Was” | था (THaa) | थे (THe) | थी (THii) | थीं (THiin) |
“Was doing” | कर रहा था (kar rahaa THaa) | कर रहे थे (kar rahe THe) | कर रही थी (kar rahii THii) | कर रही थीं (kar rahii THiin) |
“Had done” | कर चुका था (kar cukaa THaa) | कर चुके थे (kar cuke THe) | कर चुकी थी (kar cukii THii) | कर चुकी थीं (kar cukii THiin) |
Plural | Casual (We / They) | Formal (We / They) | Casual (We / They) | Formal (We / They) |
“Were” | थे (THe) | थे (THe) | थीं (THiin) | थीं (THiin) |
“Were doing” | कर रहे थे (kar rahe THe) | कर रहे थे (kar rahe THe) | कर रही थीं (kar rahii THiin) | कर रही थीं (kar rahii THiin) |
“Had done” | कर चुके थे (kar cuke THe) | कर चुके थे (kar cuke THe) | कर चुकी थीं (kar cukii THiin) | कर चुकी थीं (kar cukii THiin) |
3 – Hindi Future Tense Conjugation
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Singular | Casual / Formal (I) | Casual (He) | Formal (He) | Casual / Formal (I) | Casual (She) | Formal (She) |
“Will” / “Shall” | हूँगा (huungaa) | होगा (hogaa) | होंगे (honge) | हूँगी (huungii) | होगी (hogii) | होंगी (hongii) |
“Will have done” | कर चुका हूँगा (kar cukaa huungaa) | कर चुका होगा (kar cukaa hogaa) | कर चुके होंगे (kar cuke honge) | कर चुकी हूँगी (kar cukii huungii) | कर चुकी होगी (kar cukii hogii) | कर चुकी होंगी (kar cukii hongii) |
Plural | Casual / Formal (We / They) | Casual / Formal (We / They) | ||||
“Will” / “Shall” | होंगे (honge) | होंगी (hongii) | ||||
“Will have done” | कर चुके होंगे (kar cuke honge) | कर चुकी होंगी (kar cukii hongii) |
8. Tenses
Although tenses are subdivided into many categories, in Hindi it comes down to the three most important forms. These are simple, continuous, and perfect forms for each of the three tenses.
Are you ready to explore the Hindi conjugation in different tenses? Study the Hindi verb conjugation tables below to see how it works.
Here we go!
1 – Present Tense
1) “To eat”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Simple Present | Present Continuous | Present Perfect | Simple Present | Present Continuous | Present Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Eat(s)” | “Is / Am / Are Eating” | “Has / Have Eaten” | “Eat(s)” | “Is / Am / Are Eating” | “Has / Have Eaten” |
मैं (main) “I” | खाता हूँ (khaaTaa huun) | खा रहा हूँ (khaa rahaa huun) | खा चुका हूँ (khaa cukaa huun) | खाती हूँ (khaaTii huun) | खा रही हूँ (khaa rahii huun) | खा चुकी हूँ (khaa cukii huun) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | खाते हो (khaaTe ho) | खा रहे हो (khaa rahe ho) | खा चुके हो (khaa cuke ho) | खाती हो (khaaTii ho) | खा रही हो (khaa rahii ho) | खा चुकी हो (khaa cukii ho) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | खाता है (khaaTaa hai) | खा रहा है (khaa rahaa hai) | खा चुका है (khaa cukaa hai) | खाती है (khaaTii hai) | खा रही है (khaa rahii hai) | खा चुकी है (khaa cukii hai) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | खाते हैं (khaaTe hain) | खा रहे हैं (khaa rahe hain) | खा चुके हैं (khaa cuke hain) | खाती हैं (khaaTii hain) | खा रही हैं (khaa rahii hain) | खा चुकी हैं (khaa cukii hain) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | खाता है (khaaTaa hai) | खा रहा है (khaa rahaa hai) | खा चुका है (khaa cukaa hai) | खाती है (khaaTii hai) | खा रही है (khaa rahii hai) | खा चुकी है (khaa cukii hai) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | खाते हैं (khaaTe hain) | खा रहे हैं (khaa rahe hain) | खा चुके हैं (khaa cuke hain) | खाती हैं (khaaTii hain) | खा रही हैं (khaa rahii hain) | खा चुकी हैं (khaa cukii hain) |
PLURAL | “Eat” | “Are Eating” | “Have Eaten” | “Eat” | “Are Eating” | “Have Eaten” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | खाते हैं (khaaTe hain) | खा रहे हैं (khaa rahe hain) | खा चुके हैं (khaa cuke hain) | खाती हैं (khaaTii hain) | खा रही हैं (khaa rahii hain) | खा चुकी हैं (khaa cukii hain) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | खाते हो (khaaTe ho) | खा रहे हो (khaa rahe ho) | खा चुके हो (khaa cuke ho) | खाती हो (khaaTii ho) | खा रही हो (khaa rahii ho) | खा चुकी हो (khaa cukii ho) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | खाते हैं (khaaTe hain) | खा रहे हैं (khaa rahe hain) | खा चुके हैं (khaa cuke hain) | खाती हैं (khaaTii hain) | खा रही हैं (khaa rahii hain) | खा चुकी हैं (khaa cukii hain) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | खाते हैं (khaaTe hain) | खा रहे हैं (khaa rahe hain) | खा चुके हैं (khaa cuke hain) | खाती हैं (khaaTii hain) | खा रही हैं (khaa rahii hain) | खा चुकी हैं (khaa cukii hain) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | खाते हैं (khaaTe hain) | खा रहे हैं (khaa rahe hain) | खा चुके हैं (khaa cuke hain) | खाती हैं (khaaTii hain) | खा रही हैं (khaa rahii hain) | खा चुकी हैं (khaa cukii hain) |
Quick Tip:
Look closely and you’ll find a pattern for Hindi verb conjugations in the present tense.
- The simple present tense ends with – हूँ / -ता है / – ती है / – ते हैं / ती हैं (huun / -Taa hai / -Tii hai / -Te hain / Tii hain).
- The present continuous tense ends with – रहा हूँ / रही हूँ / रहा है / रही है / रहे हैं / रही हैं (rahaa huun / rahii huun / rahaa hai / rahii hai / rahe hain / rahii hain).
- The present perfect tense ends with – चुका हूँ / चुकी हूँ / चुका है / चुकी है / चुके हैं / चुकी हैं (cukaa huun / cukii huun / cukaa hai / cukii hai / cuke hain / cukii hain).
This rule is true for each verb form. Here’s another example for present tense.
2) “To sleep”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple Present | Present Continuous | Present Perfect | Simple Present | Present Continuous | Present Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Sleep(s)” | “Is / Am / Are Sleeping” | “Has / Have Slept” | “Sleep(s)” | “Is / Am / Are Sleeping” | “Has / Have Slept” |
मैं (main) “I” | सोता हूँ (SoTaa huun) | सो रहा हूँ (So rahaa huun) | सो चुका हूँ (So cukaa huun) | सोती हूँ (SoTii huun) | सो रही हूँ (So rahii huun) | सो चुकी हूँ (So cukii huun) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | सोते हो (SoTe ho) | सो रहे हो (So rahe ho) | सो चुके हो (So cuke ho) | सोती हो (SoTii ho) | सो रही हो (So rahii ho | सो चुकी हो (So cukii ho) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | सोता है (SoTaa hai) | सो रहा है (So rahaa hai) | सो चुका है (So cukaa hai) | सोती है (SoTii hai) | सो रही है (So rahii hai | सो रही है (So rahii hai |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | सोते हैं (SoTe hain) | सो रहे हैं (So rahe hain) | सो चुके हैं (So cuke hain) | सोती हैं (SoTii hain) | सो रही हैं (So rahii hain) | सो चुकी हैं (So cukii hain) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | सोता है (SoTaa hai) | सो रहा है (So rahaa hai) | सो चुका है (So cukaa hai) | सोती है (SoTii hai) | सो रही है (So rahii hai) | सो चुकी है (So cukii hai) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | सोते हैं (SoTe hain) | सो रहे हैं (So rahe hain) | सो चुके हैं (So cuke hain) | सोती हैं (SoTii hain) | सो रही हैं (So rahii hain) | सो चुकी हैं (So cukii hain) |
PLURAL | “Sleep” | “Are Sleeping” | “Have Slept” | “Sleep” | “Are Sleeping” | “Have Slept” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | सोते हैं (SoTe hain) | सो रहे हैं (So rahe hain) | सो चुके हैं (So cuke hain) | सोती हैं (SoTii hain) | सो रही हैं (So rahii hain) | सो चुकी हैं (So cukii hain) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | सोते हो (SoTe ho) | सो रहे हो (So rahe ho) | सो चुके हो (So cuke ho) | सोती हो (SoTii ho) | सो रही हो (So rahii ho) | सो चुकी हो (So cukii ho) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | सोते हैं (SoTe hain) | सो रहे हैं (So rahe hain) | सो चुके हैं (So cuke hain) | सोती हैं (SoTii hain) | सो रही हैं (So rahii hain) | सो चुकी हैं (So cukii hain) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | सोते हैं (SoTe hain) | सो रहे हैं (So rahe hain) | सो चुके हैं (So cuke hain) | सोती हैं (SoTii hain) | सो रही हैं (So rahii hain) | सो चुकी हैं (So cukii hain) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | सोते हैं (SoTe hain) | सो रहे हैं (So rahe hain) | सो चुके हैं (So cuke hain) | सोती हैं (SoTii hain) | सो रही हैं (So rahii hain) | सो चुकी हैं (So cukii hain) |
3) “To go”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple Present | Present Continuous | Present Perfect | Simple Present | Present Continuous | Present Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Go(es)” | “Is / Am / Are Going” | “Has / Have Gone” | “Go(es)” | “Is / Am / Are Going” | “Has / Have Gone” |
मैं (main) “I” | जाता हूँ (jaaTaa huun) | जा रहा हूँ (jaa rahaa huun) | जा चुका हूँ (jaa cukaa huun) | जाती हूँ (jaaTii huun) | जा रही हूँ (jaa rahii huun) | जा चुकी हूँ (jaa cukii huun) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | जाते हो (jaaTe ho) | जा रहे हो (jaa rahe ho) | जा चुके हो (jaa cuke ho) | जाती हो (jaaTii ho) | जा रही हो (jaa rahii ho) | जा चुकी हो (jaa cukii ho) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | जाता है (jaaTaa hai) | जा रहा है (jaa rahaa hai) | जा चुका है (jaa cukaa hai) | जाती है (jaaTii hai) | जा रही है (jaa rahii hai) | जा चुकी है (jaa cukii hai) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | जाते हैं (jaaTe hain) | जा रहे हैं (jaa rahe hain) | जा चुके हैं (jaa cuke hain) | जाती हैं (jaaTii hain) | जा रही हैं (jaa rahii hain) | जा चुकी हैं (jaa cukii hain) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | जाता है (jaaTaa hai) | जा रहा है (jaa rahaa hai) | जा चुका है (jaa cukaa hai) | जाती है (jaaTii hai) | जा रही है (jaa rahii hai) | जा चुकी है (jaa cukii hai) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | जाते हैं (jaaTe hain) | जा रहे हैं (jaa rahe hain) | जा चुके हैं (jaa cuke hain) | जाती हैं (jaaTii hain) | जा रही हैं (jaa rahii hain) | जा चुकी हैं (jaa cukii hain) |
PLURAL | “Go” | “Are Going” | “Have Gone” | “Go” | “Are Going” | “Have Gone” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | जाते हैं (jaaTe hain) | जा रहे हैं (jaa rahe hain) | जा चुके हैं (jaa cuke hain) | जाती हैं (jaaTii hain) | जा रही हैं (jaa rahii hain) | जा चुकी हैं (jaa cukii hain) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | जाते हो (jaaTe ho) | जा रहे हो (jaa rahe ho) | जा चुके हो (jaa cuke ho) | जाती हो (jaaTii ho) | जा रही हो (jaa rahii ho) | जा चुकी हो (jaa cukii ho) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | जाते हैं (jaaTe hain) | जा रहे हैं (jaa rahe hain) | जा चुके हैं (jaa cuke hain) | जाती हैं (jaaTii hain) | जा रही हैं (jaa rahii hain) | जा चुकी हैं (jaa cukii hain) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | जाते हैं (jaaTe hain) | जा रहे हैं (jaa rahe hain) | जा चुके हैं (jaa cuke hain) | जाती हैं (jaaTii hain) | जा रही हैं (jaa rahii hain) | जा चुकी हैं (jaa cukii hain) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | जाते हैं (jaaTe hain) | जा रहे हैं (jaa rahe hain) | जा चुके हैं (jaa cuke hain) | जाती हैं (jaaTii hain) | जा रही हैं (jaa rahii hain) | जा चुकी हैं (jaa cukii hain) |
As you can see, the same pattern continues throughout the chart. Now, let’s learn how to conjugate in Hindi for the past tense.
2 – Past Tense
1) “To eat”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple Past | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | Simple Past | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Ate” | “Was / Were Eating” | “Had Eaten” | “Ate” | “Was / Were Eating” | “Had Eaten” |
मैं (main) “I” | खाता था (khaaTaa THaa) | खा रहा था (khaa rahaa THaa) | खा चुका था (khaa cukaa THaa) | खाती थी (khaaTii THii) | खा रही थी (khaa rahii THii) | खा चुकी थी (khaa cukii THii) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थी (khaaTii THii) | खा रही थी (khaa rahii THii) | खा चुकी थी (khaa cukii THii) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | खाता था (khaaTaa THaa) | खा रहा था (khaa rahaa THaa) | खा चुका था (khaa cukaa THaa) | खाती थी (khaaTii THii) | खा रही थी (khaa rahii THii) | खा चुकी थी (khaa cukii THii) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थीं (khaaTii THiin) | खा रही थीं (khaa rahii THiin) | खा चुकी थीं (khaa cukii THiin) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | खाता था (khaaTaa THaa) | खा रहा था (khaa rahaa THaa) | खा चुका था (khaa cukaa THaa) | खाती थी (khaaTii THii) | खा रही थी (khaa rahii THii) | खा चुकी थी (khaa cukii THii) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थीं (khaaTii THiin) | खा रही थीं (khaa rahii THiin) | खा चुकी थीं (khaa cukii THiin) |
PLURAL | “Ate” | “Were Eating” | “Had Eaten” | “Ate” | “Were Eating” | “Had Eaten” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थीं (khaaTii THiin) | खा रही थीं (khaa rahii THiin) | खा चुकी थीं (khaa cukii THiin) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थीं (khaaTii THiin) | खा रही थीं (khaa rahii THiin) | खा चुकी थीं (khaa cukii THiin) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थीं (khaaTii THiin) | खा रही थीं (khaa rahii THiin) | खा चुकी थीं (khaa cukii THiin) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थीं (khaaTii THiin) | खा रही थीं (khaa rahii THiin) | खा चुकी थीं (khaa cukii THiin) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | खाते थे (khaaTe THe) | खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) | खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe) | खाती थीं (khaaTii THiin) | खा रही थीं (khaa rahii THiin) | खा चुकी थीं (khaa cukii THiin) |
Quick Tip:
For past tense, the conjugation in Hindi is quite similar to what we saw in the present tense above. If you can memorize a few basic rules, solving the past tense riddle will be child’s play for you!
- The simple past tense ends with –ता था / – ती थी / – ते थे / ती थीं (-Taa THaa / -Tii THii / -Te THe / Tii THiin).
- The past continuous tense ends with रहा था / रही थी / रहे थे / रही थीं (rahaa THaa / rahii THii / rahe THe / rahii THiin).
- The past perfect tense ends with – चुका था / चुकी थी / चुके थे / चुकी थीं (cukaa THaa / cukii THii / cuke THe / cukii THiin).
2) “To sleep”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple Past | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | Simple Past | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Slept” | “Was / Were Sleeping” | “Had Slept” | “Slept” | “Was / Were Sleeping” | “Had Slept” |
मैं (main) “I” | सोता था (SoTaa THaa) | सो रहा था (So rahaa THaa) | सो चुका था (So cukaa THaa) | सोती थी (So THii) | सो रही थी (So rahii THii) | सो चुकी थी (So cukii THii) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थी (SoTii THii) | सो चुकी थी (So cukii THii) | सो चुकी थी (So cukii THii) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | सोता था (SoTaa THaa) | सो रहा था (So rahaa THaa) | सो चुका था (So cukaa THaa) | सोती थी (SoTii THii) | सो रही थी (So rahii THii) | सो चुकी थी (So cukii THii) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थीं (SoTii THiin) | सो रही थीं (So rahii THiin) | सो चुकी थीं (So cukii THiin) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | सोता था (SoTaa THaa) | सो रहा था (So rahaa THaa) | सो चुका था (So cukaa THaa) | सोती थी (SoTii THii) | सो रही थी (So rahii THii) | सो चुकी थी (So cukii THii) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थीं (SoTii THiin) | सो रही थीं (So rahii THiin) | सो चुकी थीं (So cukii THiin) |
PLURAL | “Slept” | “Were Sleeping” | “Had Slept” | “Slept” | “Were Sleeping” | “Had Slept” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थीं (SoTii THiin) | सो रही थीं (So rahii THiin) | सो चुकी थीं (So cukii THiin) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थीं (SoTii THiin) | सो रही थीं (So rahii THiin) | सो चुकी थीं (So cukii THiin) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थीं (SoTii THiin) | सो रही थीं (So rahii THiin) | सो चुकी थीं (So cukii THiin) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थीं (SoTii THiin) | सो रही थीं (So rahii THiin) | सो चुकी थीं (So cukii THiin) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | सोते थे (SoTe THe) | सो रहे थे (So rahe THe) | सो चुके थे (So cuke THe) | सोती थीं (SoTii THiin) | सो रही थीं (So rahii THiin) | सो चुकी थीं (So cukii THiin) |
3) “To go”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple Past | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | Simple Past | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Went” | “Was / Were Going” | “Had Gone” | “Went” | “Was / Were Going” | “Had Gone” |
मैं (main) “I” | जाता था (jaaTaa THaa) | जा रहा था (jaa rahaa THaa) | जा चुका था (jaa cukaa THaa) | जाती थी (jaaTii THii) | जा रही थी (jaa rahii THii) | जा चुकी थी (jaa cukii THii) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थी (jaaTii THii) | जा रही थी (jaa rahii THii) | जा चुकी थी (jaa cukii THii) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | जाता था (jaaTaa THaa) | जा रहा था (jaa rahaa THaa) | जा चुका था (jaa cukaa THaa) | जाती थी (jaaTii THii) | जा रही थी (jaa rahii THii) | जा चुकी थी (jaa cukii THii) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थीं (jaaTii THiin) | जा रही थीं (jaa rahii THiin) | जा चुकी थीं (jaa cukii THiin) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | जाता था (jaaTaa THaa) | जा रहा था (jaa rahaa THaa) | जा चुका था (jaa cukaa THaa) | जाती थी (jaaTii THii) | जा रही थी (jaa rahii THii) | जा चुकी थी (jaa cukii THii) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थीं (jaaTii THiin) | जा रही थीं (jaa rahii THiin) | जा चुकी थीं (jaa cukii THiin) |
PLURAL | “Went” | “Were Going” | “Had Gone” | “Went” | “Were Going” | “Had Gone” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थीं (jaaTii THiin) | जा रही थीं (jaa rahii THiin) | जा चुकी थीं (jaa cukii THiin) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थीं (jaaTii THiin) | जा रही थीं (jaa rahii THiin) | जा चुकी थीं (jaa cukii THiin) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थीं (jaaTii THiin) | जा रही थीं (jaa rahii THiin) | जा चुकी थीं (jaa cukii THiin) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थीं (jaaTii THiin) | जा रही थीं (jaa rahii THiin) | जा चुकी थीं (jaa cukii THiin) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | जाते थे (jaaTe THe) | जा रहे थे (jaa rahe THe) | जा चुके थे (jaa cuke THe) | जाती थीं (jaaTii THiin) | जा रही थीं (jaa rahii THiin) | जा चुकी थीं (jaa cukii THiin) |
3 – Future Tense
1) “To eat”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Simple Future | Future Continuous | Future Perfect | Simple Future | Future Continuous | Future Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Will Eat” | “Will Be Eating” | “Will Have Eaten” | “Will Eat” | “Will Be Eating” | “Will Have Eaten” |
मैं (main) “I” | खाऊंगा (khaauungaa) | खा रहा होऊंगा (khaa rahaa houungaa) | खा चुका होऊंगा (khaa cukaa houungaa) | खाऊंगा (khaauungii) | खा रही होऊंगी (khaa rahii houungii) | खा चुकी होऊंगी (khaa cukii houungii) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | खाओगे (khaaoge) | खा रहे होगे (khaa rahe hoge) | खा चुके होगे (khaa cuke hoge) | खाओगी (khaaogii) | खा रही होगी (khaa rahii hogii) | खा चुकी होगी (khaa cukii hogii) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | खाएगा (khaayegaa) | खा रहा होगा (khaa rahaa hogaa) | खा चुका होगा (khaa cukaa hogaa) | खाएगी (khaayegii) | खा रही होगी (khaa rahii hogii) | खा चुकी होगी (khaa cukii hogii) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | खाएंगे (khaayenge) | खा रहे होंगे (khaa rahe honge) | खा चुके होंगे (khaa cuke honge) | खायेंगी (khaayengii) | खा रही होंगी (khaa rahii hongii) | खा चुकी होंगी (khaa cukii hongii) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | खाएगा (khaayegaa) | खा रहा होगा (khaa rahaa hogaa) | खा चुका होगा (khaa cukaa hogaa) | खाएगी (khaayegii) | खा रही होगी (khaa rahii hogii) | खा चुकी होगी (khaa cukii hogii) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | खाएंगे (khaayenge) | खा रहे होंगे (khaa rahe honge) | खा चुके होंगे (khaa cuke honge) | खायेंगी (khaayengii) | खा रही होंगी (khaa rahii hongii) | खा चुकी होंगी (khaa cukii hongii) |
PLURAL | “Will Eat” | “Will Be Eating” | “Will Have Eaten” | “Will Eat” | “Will Be Eating” | “Will Have Eaten” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | खाएंगे (khaayenge) | खा रहे होंगे (khaa rahe honge) | खा चुके होंगे (khaa cuke honge) | खायेंगी (khaayengii) | खा रही होंगी (khaa rahii hongii) | खा चुकी होंगी (khaa cukii hongii) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | खाओगे (khaaoge) | खा रहे होगे (khaa rahe hoge) | खा चुके होगे (khaa cuke hoge) | खाओगी (khaaogii) | खा रही होगी (khaa rahii hogii) | खा चुकी होगी (khaa cukii hogii) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | खाएंगे (khaayenge) | खा रहे होंगे (khaa rahe honge) | खा चुके होंगे (khaa cuke honge) | खायेंगी (khaayengii) | खा रही होंगी (khaa rahii hongii) | खा चुकी होंगी (khaa cukii hongii) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | खाएंगे (khaayenge) | खा रहे होंगे (khaa rahe honge) | खा चुके होंगे (khaa cuke honge) | खायेंगी (khaayengii) | खा रही होंगी (khaa rahii hongii) | खा चुकी होंगी (khaa cukii hongii) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | खाएंगे (khaayenge) | खा रहे होंगे (khaa rahe honge) | खा चुके होंगे (khaa cuke honge) | खायेंगी (khaayengii) | खा रही होंगी (khaa rahii hongii) | खा चुकी होंगी (khaa cukii hongii) |
Quick Tip:
In future tense, conjugation isn’t affected too much by the person. However, it’s worth looking at the minor inflection changes in the verb forms.
- The simple future tense ends with हूँगा / हूँगी / होगा / होगी / होंगे / होंगी (huungaa / huungii / hogaa / hogii / honge / hongii).
- The future continuous tense ends with रहा हूँगा / रही हूँगी / रहा होगा / रही होगी / रहे होंगे / रही होंगी (raha huungaa / rahii huungii / rahaa hogaa / rahii hogii / rahe honge / rahii hongii).
- The future perfect tense ends with चुका हूँगा / चुकी हूँगी / चुका होगा / चुकी होगी / चुके होंगे / चुकी होंगी (cukaa huunga / cukii huungi / cukaa hogaa / cukii hogii / cuke honge / cukii hongii).
Now, here’s two more Hindi conjugation charts for you!
2) “To sleep”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Simple Future | Future Continuous | Future Perfect | Simple Future | Future Continuous | Future Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Will Sleep” | “Will Be Sleeping” | “Will Have Slept” | “Will Sleep” | “Will Be Sleeping” | “Will Have Slept” |
मैं (main) “I” | सोऊंगा (Souungaa) | सो रहा होऊंगा (So rahaa houungaa) | सो चुका होऊंगा (So cukaa houungaa) | सोऊंगी (Souungii) | सो रही होऊंगी (So rahii houungii) | सो चुकी होऊंगी (So cukii houungii) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | सोओगे (So-oge) | सो रहे होगे (So rahe hoge) | सो चुके होगे (So cuke hoge) | सोओगी (So-ogii) | सो रही होगी (So rahii hogii) | सो चुकी होगी (So cukii hogii) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | सोएगा (Soyegaa) | सो रहा होगा (So rahaa hogaa) | सो चुका होगा (So cukaa hogaa) | सोएगी (Soyegii) | सो रही होगी (So rahii hogii) | सो चुकी होगी (So cukii hogii) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | सोएंगे (Soyenge) | सो रहे होंगे (So rahe honge) | सो चुके होंगे (So cuke honge) | सोयेंगी (Soyengii) | सो रही होंगी (So rahii hongii) | सो चुकी होंगी (So cukii hongii) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | सोएगा (Soyegaa) | सो रहा होगा (So rahaa hogaa) | सो चुका होगा (So cukaa hogaa) | सोएगी (Soyegii) | सो रही होगी (So rahii hogii) | सो चुकी होगी (So cukii hogii) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | सोएंगे (Soyenge) | सो रहे होंगे (So rahe honge) | सो चुके होंगे (So cuke honge) | सोयेंगी (Soyengii) | सो रही होंगी (So rahii hongii) | सो चुकी होंगी (So cukii hongii) |
PLURAL | “Will Sleep” | “Will Be Sleeping” | “Will Have Slept” | “Will Sleep” | “Will Be Sleeping” | “Will Have Slept” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | सोएंगे (Soyenge) | सो रहे होंगे (So rahe honge) | सो चुके होंगे (So cuke honge) | सोयेंगी (Soyengii) | सो रही होंगी (So rahii hongii) | सो चुकी होंगी (So cukii hongii) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | सोओगे (So-oge) | सो रहे होगे (So rahe hoge) | सो चुके होगे (So cuke hoge) | सोओगी (So-ogii) | सो रही होगी (So rahii hogii) | सो चुकी होगी (So cukii hogii) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | सोएंगे (Soyenge) | सो रहे होंगे (So rahe honge) | सो चुके होंगे (So cuke honge) | सोयेंगी (Soyengii) | सो रही होंगी (So rahii hongii) | सो चुकी होंगी (So cukii hongii) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | सोएंगे (Soyenge) | सो रहे होंगे (So rahe honge) | सो चुके होंगे (So cuke honge) | सोयेंगी (Soyengii) | सो रही होंगी (So rahii hongii) | सो चुकी होंगी (So cukii hongii) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | सोएंगे (Soyenge) | सो रहे होंगे (So rahe honge) | सो चुके होंगे (So cuke honge) | सोयेंगी (Soyengii) | सो रही होंगी (So rahii hongii) | सो चुकी होंगी (So cukii hongii) |
3) “To go”
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Simple Future | Future Continuous | Future Perfect | Simple Future | Future Continuous | Future Perfect | |
SINGULAR | “Will Go” | “Will Be Going” | “Will Have Gone” | “Will Go” | “Will Be Going” | “Will Have Gone” |
मैं (main) “I” | जाऊंगा (jaauungaa) | जा रहा होऊंगा (jaa rahaa houungaa) | जा चुका होऊंगा (jaa cukaa houungaa) | जाऊंगी (jaauungii) | जा रही होऊंगी (jaa rahii houungii) | जा चुकी होऊंगी (jaa cukii houungii) |
तुम (Tum) “You” (Casual) | जाओगे (jaaoge) | जा रहे होगे (jaa rahe hoge) | जा चुके होगे (jaa cuke hoge) | जाओगी (jaaogii) | जा रही होगी (jaa rahii hogii) | जा चुकी होगी (jaa cukii hogii) |
तू (Tuu) “You” (Casual) | जाएगा (jaayegaa) | जा रहा होगा (jaa rahaa hogaa) | जा चुका होगा (jaa cukaa hogaa) | जाएगी (jaayegii) | जा रही होगी (jaa rahii hogii) | जा चुकी होगी (jaa cukii hogii) |
आप (aap) “You” (Formal) | जाएंगे (jaayenge) | जा रहे होंगे (jaa rahe honge) | जा चुके होंगे (jaa cuke honge) | जायेंगी (jaayengii) | जा रही होंगी (jaa rahii hongii) | जा चुकी होंगी (jaa cukii hongii) |
वह (vah) “He” / “She” (Casual) | जाएगा (jaayegaa) | जा रहा होगा (jaa rahaa hogaa) | जा चुका होगा (jaa cukaa hogaa) | जाएगी (jaayegii) | जा रही होगी (jaa rahii hogii) | जा चुकी होगी (jaa cukii hogii) |
वो (vo) “He” / “She” (Formal) | जाएंगे (jaayenge) | जा रहे होंगे (jaa rahe honge) | जा चुके होंगे (jaa cuke honge) | जायेंगी (jaayengii) | जा रही होंगी (jaa rahii hongii) | जा चुकी होंगी (jaa cukii hongii) |
PLURAL | “Will Go” | “Will Be Going” | “Will Have Gone” | “Will Go” | “Will Be Going” | “Will Have Gone” |
हम सब (ham Sab) “We” | जाएंगे (jaayenge) | जा रहे होंगे (jaa rahe honge) | जा चुके होंगे (jaa cuke honge) | जायेंगी (jaayengii) | जा रही होंगी (jaa rahii hongii) | जा चुकी होंगी (jaa cukii hongii) |
तुम सब (Tum Sab) “You” (Casual) | जाओगे (jaaoge) | जा रहे होगे (jaa rahe hoge) | जा चुके होगे (jaa cuke hoge) | जाओगी (jaaogii) | जा रही होगी (jaa rahii hogii) | जा चुकी होगी (jaa cukii hogii) |
आप सब (aap Sab) “You” (Formal) | जाएंगे (jaayenge) | जा रहे होंगे (jaa rahe honge) | जा चुके होंगे (jaa cuke honge) | जायेंगी (jaayengii) | जा रही होंगी (jaa rahii hongii) | जा चुकी होंगी (jaa cukii hongii) |
ये सब (ye Sab) “They” (Near) | जाएंगे (jaayenge) | जा रहे होंगे (jaa rahe honge) | जा चुके होंगे (jaa cuke honge) | जायेंगी (jaayengii) | जा रही होंगी (jaa rahii hongii) | जा चुकी होंगी (jaa cukii hongii) |
वे सब (ve Sab) “They” (Far) | जाएंगे (jaayenge) | जा रहे होंगे (jaa rahe honge) | जा चुके होंगे (jaa cuke honge) | जायेंगी (jaayengii) | जा रही होंगी (jaa rahii hongii) | जा चुकी होंगी (jaa cukii hongii) |
9. It’s Quiz Time!
Did you learn and understand how Hindi conjugations work with all of the examples above? How about we put our neurons to work and try to solve these easy-breezy verb conjugation questions!
Read these five simple statements and figure out the appropriate verb conjugation for each. The infinitive form for the required verb is already given.
- बच्चे (कूदना ) _______. [ bacce (kuuDaNaa) __________ ]
“The kids are jumping.”
a. कूदते हैं (kuuDaTe hain)
b. कूद रहे हैं (kuuD rahe hain)
c. कूद चुके हैं (kuuD cuke hain) - वह रोज़ पत्र (लिखना ) ____________. [ vah roz paTr (LikhaNaa) _________ ]
“She will write a letter everyday.”
a. लिखेगा (Likhegaa)
b. लिखेंगे (Likhenge)
c. लिखेगी (Likhegii) - पिताजी फल (खाना ) ____________. [ piTaajii phaL (khaaNaa) _________ ]
a./खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe)
b./खा चुका था (khaa cukaa THaa)
c./खा रहे थे (khaa rahe THe) - जॉन कल स्कूल (जाना ) ______. [ jauN kaL SkuuL (jaaNaa) __________ ]
(“John was going to school yesterday.”)
a. जाता होगा (jaaTaa hogaa)
b. जा रहा था (jaa rahaa THaa)
c. जा रहा है (jaa rahaa hai) - मैं जूस नहीं (पीना ) ______. [ maiN juuS Nahiin (piiNaa) __________ ]
(“I don’t drink juices.”)
a.पीता था (piiTaa THaa)
b.पीता हूँगा (piiTaa huungaa)
c.पीता हूँ (piiTaa huun)
Solutions
1. Correct Answer: (b) कूद रहे हैं (kuuD rahe hain).
Reason: The statement “The kids are jumping,” is in the present continuous tense. In Hindi, the plural forms in present continuous end with रहे हैं (rahe hain). Thus, the option (b).
2. Correct Answer: (a) लिखेगी (Likhegii).
Reason: The sentence “She will write a letter everyday,” is in the simple future tense. The feminine pronouns in simple future end with – गी (gii). Thus, option (a).
3. Correct Answer: (a) खा चुके थे (khaa cuke THe).
Reason: “Father had eaten the fruits.” Although “father” is a singular noun, he is a respectable figure. When we use the respectful tone, the plural verb conjugation is applied for singular nouns / pronouns. Moreover, this sentence is in the past perfect tense, which usually ends with -चुके थे (cuke THe). Thus, option (a).
4. Correct Answer: (b) जा रहा था (jaa rahaa THaa).
Reason: “John was going to school yesterday.” It’s a plain case of the past continuous tense, which typically ends with – रहा था (rahaa THaa). Thus, option (b).
5. Correct Answer: (c) पीता हूँ (piiTaa huun).
Reason: “I don’t drink juices,” is a simple present tense sentence. In Hindi, such statements end with –ता हूँ (Taa huun). Thus, option (c).
10. Reach the Next Level with HindiPod101.com
So, how many of them did you get correct? Let us know your score in the comment box below. What are the most difficult (and easiest) things for you in this lesson? We would love to hear your thoughts!
Meanwhile, check out our Hindi verb conjugation PDF lesson and practice. The more you read and speak, the better your vocab will be. And while we’re on that topic, don’t forget to visit us and sign up on HindiPod101.com.
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The Verb in Hindi: 100+ Hindi Verbs & Conjugations
People are never without action! If nothing else, we’re breathing ceaselessly. The bottom line: There’s always something happening around us. And a verb in Hindi is the only part of speech that helps us express those actions in the most meaningful way.
Therefore, it’s quite essential to study the most common verbs in Hindi with examples.
But before moving on to our Hindi verbs list, we thought you’d definitely like to check out our amazing and highly useful Hindi lessons on the Best 100 Adjectives, Top 100 Nouns, and The Most Common Pronouns in Hindi.
Table of Contents- Introduction to Hindi Verbs
- Sentence Pattern in Hindi
- Transitive & Intransitive Verbs
- Regular & Irregular Verbs
- Auxiliary Verbs or Helping Verbs
- Hindi Modal Verbs
- Causative Verbs in Hindi
- Hindi Action Verbs
- Hindi Mental Verbs
- Hindi Phrasal Verbs
- Exploring the World of the Hindi Language with HindiPod101.com
1. Introduction to Hindi Verbs
The first question we’re going to answer is “What is the word for ‘verb’ in Hindi?”
The word for verb in Hindi is known as क्रिया (kriyaa).
- In Hindi, the “to be” verbs end with -ना (-Naa).
For example, “to go” = जाना (jaaNaa); “to eat” = खाना (khaaNaa).
Just like in any other language, there are certain rules to be followed in order to correctly use the following list of verbs in Hindi.
Those who wish to dig into all the grammar essentials, this is your go-to basic Hindi verbs list. So, let’s begin.
2. Sentence Pattern in Hindi
In a Hindi sentence, the verb always comes last. The usual sentence structure is S (Subject) + O (Object) + V (Verb).
1. खाना (khaaNaa) “to eat” | सोहन ने आम खाया। SohaN Ne aam khaayaa. “Sohan ate a mango.” |
Here, सोहन (SohaN) = Subject, आम (aam) = Object, and खाया (khaayaa) = Verb.
2. पढ़ना (padhaNaa) “to read” | रीमा किताब पढ़ रही है। riimaa kiTaab padh rahii hai. “Reema is reading a book.” |
Here, रीमा (riimaa) = Subject, किताब (kiTaab) = Object, and पढ़ रही है (padh rahii hai) = Verb.
Now that we’ve looked at the ways verbs work in Hindi, it’s time to study the different types of verbs in Hindi.
3. Transitive & Intransitive Verbs
On the basis of presence / absence of the object, there are two Hindi verb types.
- One is a “transitive verb” in Hindi, or सकर्मक क्रिया (Sakarmak kriyaa). Using Hindi transitive verbs means that the sentence has an object.
3. जाना (jaaNaa) “to go” | मैं स्कूल जाता हूँ। main SkuuL jaaTaa huun. “I go to school.” |
- The other type is the “intransitive verb” in Hindi, or अकर्मक क्रिया (akarmak kriyaa). Using an intransitive verb means that the sentence has no object.
Example: मैं जाता हूँ। (main jaaTaa huun.) = “I go.”
4. Regular & Irregular Verbs
This is not a strict division, but in terms of Hindi verb conjugation, there are two types of Hindi verbs.
- Regular verbs in Hindi
When conjugating Hindi regular verbs, the verb form remains the same.
Example: Here, the infinitive verb is “to watch,” or देखना (DekhaNaa).
4. देखना (DekhaNaa) “to watch” | राज फ़िल्म देखता है। raaj fiLm DekhaTaa hai. “Raj watches a movie.” |
Now, as the example shows a singular subject, “Raj,” and the present tense verb form, the infinitive form “to watch” changes into present tense and becomes “watches.”
Similarly: राज ने फ़िल्म देखी। (raaj Ne fiLm Dekhii.) “Raj watched a movie.”
राज फ़िल्म देखेगा। (raaj fiLm Dekhegaa.) “Raj will watch a movie.”
- Irregular verbs in Hindi
Hindi irregular verbs may change their forms according to the tense that’s used.
Example: Here, the infinitive verb is “to go,” or जाना (jaaNaa).
राज अस्पताल जाता है। (raaj aSpaTaaL jaaTaa hai.) “Raj goes to the hospital.”
राज अस्पताल गया। (raaj aSpaTaaL gayaa.) “Raj went to the hospital.”
राज अस्पताल जायेगा। (raaj aSpaTaaL jaayegaa.) “Raj will go to the hospital.”
- In addition to these two types of verbs, Hindi verbs conjugation also changes with various other factors, such as gender, mood, intention, etc. Wish to read about this in detail? Stay tuned for our upcoming guide on Conjugation in Hindi!
5. Auxiliary Verbs or Helping Verbs
Do you know that Hindi auxiliary verbs, or helping verbs, are known as सहायक क्रिया (Sahaayak kriyaa). The helping verbs support the main verb and make the sentence grammatically correct.
In our simple Hindi verb tenses charts below, you’ll find some Hindi helping verbs with examples of how to use them.
1- Present Tense
5. है (hai) “is” | Used for singular nouns and pronouns | आम मीठा है। aam miithaa hai. “The mango is sweet.” |
6. हूँ (huun) “am” | Used for “I” | मैं एक लड़की हूँ। main ek Ladakii huun. “I am a girl.” |
7. हैं (hain) “are” | Used for plural nouns and pronouns | वे लोग भूखे हैं। ve Log bhuukhe hain. “Those people are hungry.” |
2- Past Tense
Here are the main Hindi past tense auxiliary verbs.
8. था (THaa) “was” | Used for singular masculine nouns and pronouns | सूरज कल दफ़्तर जा रहा था। Suuraj kaL DafTar jaa rahaa THaa. “Suraj was going to the office yesterday.” |
9. थी (THii) “was” | Used for singular feminine nouns and pronouns | पूजा सो रही थी। puujaa So rahii THii. “Pooja was sleeping.” |
10. थे (THe) “were” | Used for plural nouns and pronouns | सभी बच्चे पार्क में खेल रहे थे। Sabhii bacce paark men kheL rahe THe. “All the kids were playing in the park.” |
3- Future Tense
And lastly, here’s how to conjugate Hindi verbs in the future tense.
11. -गा (-gaa) “will” / “shall” | Used for singular masculine nouns and pronouns | सूरज कल दफ़्तर जाएगा। Suuraj kaL DafTar jaayegaa. “Suraj will go to the office tomorrow.” |
12. -गी (-gii) “will” / “shall” | Used for singular feminine nouns and pronouns | पूजा दो घंटे तक सोएगी। puujaa Do ghante Tak Soyegii. “Pooja will sleep for two hours.” |
13. -गे (-ge) “will” / “shall” | Used for plural nouns and pronouns | सभी बच्चे पार्क में खेलेंगे। Sabhii bacce paark men kheLenge. “All the kids will play in the park.” |
Getting familiar with the different kinds of verbs? Well, there’s a lot more to come! Soon, we’ll be expanding your Hindi verbs vocabulary by checking out our list of Hindi phrasal verbs. We’ll also find out what on earth Hindi causative verbs are!
But first, we present you with some of the most commonly used modal verbs in Hindi.
6. Hindi Modal Verbs
Modal verbs help us express the capacity, intention, or urgency of an action. Just like Hindi auxiliary verbs, modal verbs are not the main verbs, but are helpful in emphasizing a particular context.
14. चाहिए (caahiye) “Should” | तुम्हें अब आराम करना चाहिए। Tumhen ab aaraam karaNaa caahiye. “You should rest now.” |
15. ज़रूर (zaruur) “Must” | हमें अपना वादा ज़रूर पूरा करना चाहिए। hamen apaNaa vaaDaa zaruur puuraa karaNaa caahiye. “We must fulfill our promise.” |
16. सकना (SakaNaa) “Can” / “Could” | ऋतु कार चला सकती है। riTu kaar caLaa SakaTii hai. “Ritu can drive the car.” |
We also use the verb “would” in Hindi. But instead of translating it into a particular word, “would” generally works as a suffix in Hindi verbs.
- Suffixes for “would” = गा (gaa) / गी (gii) / गें (ge)
For example:
- क्या आप चाय लेंगे?
kyaa aap caay Lenge?
“Would you have some tea?”
- हम आपके आभारी रहेंगे.
ham aapke aabhaarii rahenge.
“We would really appreciate that.”
7. Causative Verbs in Hindi
Our list of basic Hindi verbs for beginners would be incomplete without causative verbs. Any idea what they are?
Well, the causative verbs in Hindi represent an action which isn’t being done directly by the subject.
Usually, such verbs end with the suffix -वाना (-vaaNaa).
Let’s read some examples to understand how they are applied in a sentence.
17. -वाना (-vaaNaa) “Get” | मुझे बाल कटवाना है। mujhe baaL katavaaNaa hai. “I have to get a haircut.” |
18. -वाना (-vaaNaa) “Make” | दादाजी मुझसे रोज़ पौधों में पानी डलवाते हैं। DaaDaajii mujh Se roz pauDHon men paaNii daLavaaTe hain. “Grandpa makes me water the plants every day.” |
8. Hindi Action Verbs
Now we present to you the most popular and common type of verb in Hindi: the action verb.
Action verbs are the main verbs which revolve around the subject. In this Hindi verbs list, we’ve tried to cover as many action verbs for you as possible.
19. लाना (LaaNaa) “to bring” | क्या तुम वो सब्ज़ी की टोकरी यहां ला सकते हो? kyaa Tum vo Sabzii kii tokarii yahaan Laa SakaTe ho? “Can you bring that vegetable basket over here?” |
20. पकाना (pakaaNaa) “to cook” | विनीता को खाना पकाना बहुत पसंद है। viNiTaa ko khaaNaa pakaaNaa bahuT paSanD hai. “Vinita loves to cook.” |
21. बनाना (baNaaNaa) “to make” | सुनील काफ़ी सुंदर तस्वीरें बनाता है। SuNiiL kaafii SuNDar TaSviiren baNaaTaa hai. “Sunil makes amazing pictures.” |
22. देखना (DekhaNaa) “to look” | रोहन घाटी की ओर देख रहा था। rohaN ghaatii kii or Dekh rahaa THaa. “Rohan was looking at the valley.” |
23. कहना (kahaNaa) “to say” | बच्चा अपनी माँ से कुछ कह रहा है। baccaa apaNii maan Se kuch kah rahaa hai. “The child is saying something to his mom.” |
24. बताना (baTaaNaa) “to tell” | रीमा ने मुझे कुछ नहीं बताया। riimaa Ne mujhe kuch Nahiin baTaayaa. “Reema did not tell me anything.” |
25. पूछना (puuchaNaa) “to ask” | मुझे तुमसे कुछ पूछना है। mujhe TumaSe kuch puuchaNaa hai. “I need to ask you something.” |
26. रुकना (rukaNaa) “to stop” | हमें अगले मोड़ पर रुकना है। hamen agaLe mod par rukaNaa hai. “We have to stop at the next turn.” |
27. खड़ा होना (khaadaa hoNaa) “to stand” | खिलाड़ी मैदान में खड़े हैं। khiLaadii maiDaaN men khade hain. “The players are standing on the ground.” |
28. चखना (cakhaNaa) “to taste” | मैंने वो चॉकलेट आइसक्रीम चखी थी। main Ne vo caukaLet aaiS kriim cakhii THii. “I had tasted that chocolate ice cream.” |
29. लगना (LagaNaa) “to feel” | इस घर में वापस आकर कितना अच्छा लग रहा है। iS ghar men vaapaS aakar kiTaNaa acchaa Lag rahaa hai. “It feels so nice to be here again in this house.” |
30. कोशिश करना (kosis karaNaa) “to try” | सोहन ने कई बार कोशिश करके देख लिया। SohaN Ne kaii baar kosis karake Dekh Liyaa. “Sohan tried it so many times.” |
31. दौड़ना (DaudaNaa) “to run” | घोड़े बहुत तेज़ दौड़ते हैं। ghode bahuT Tez DaudaTe hain. “The horses run very fast.” |
32. घूमना (ghuumaNaa) “to wander” / “to go out” | चलो थोड़ी देर बाहर घूमते हैं। caLo THodii Der baahar ghuumaTe hain. “Let’s go out for a while.” |
33. रोना (roNaa) “to cry” | सुमित कल रो रहा था। SumiT kaL ro rahaa THaa. “Sumit was crying yesterday.” |
34. हंसना (hanSaNaa) “to laugh” | चुटकुले पर सभी हंसने लगे। cutakuLe par Sabhii hanSaNe Lage. “Everybody laughed at the joke.” |
35. मुस्कुराना (muSkuraaNaa) “to smile” | तुम क्यों मुस्कुरा रही थीं? Tum kyon muSkuraa rahii THiin. “Why were you smiling?” |
36. छूना (chuuNaa) “to touch” | सुनीता की किताबें मत छुओ। SuNiiTaa kii kiTaaben maT chuo. “Don’t touch Sunita’s books.” |
37. सोना (SoNaa) “to sleep” | देव दूसरे कमरे में सोता है। Dev DuuSare kamare men SoTaa hai. “Dev sleeps in the other room.” |
38. चिल्लाना (ciLLaaNaa) “to shout” | बच्चे क्यों चिल्ला रहे थे ? bacce kyon ciLLaa rahe THe? “Why were the kids shouting?” |
39. लिखना (LikhaNaa) “to write” | मैं कविता और कहानी लिखती हूँ। main kaviTaa aur kahaaNi LikhaTii huun. “I write poems and stories.” |
40. समझाना (SamajhaaNaa) “to explain” | ये सवाल समझाना काफ़ी मुश्किल है। ye savaaL SamajhaaNaa kaafii muskiL hai. “It is really hard to explain this sum.” |
41. होना (hoNaa) “to become” | हितेश कितना चिड़चिड़ा हो गया है। hiTes kiTaNaa cidacidaa ho gayaa hai. “Hitesh has become so irritable.” |
42. लेना (LeNaa) “to take” | दुकानदार ने रोहन से पैसे लिए। DukaaNaDaar Ne rohaN Se paiSe Liye. “The shopkeeper took the money from Rohan.” |
43. देना (DeNaa) “to give” | पिताजी को ये छाता दे दो। piTaajii ko ye chaaTaa De Do. “Give this umbrella to Father.” |
44. छीनना (chiiNaNaa) “to snatch” | किसी ने उस आदमी का बटुआ छीन लिया। kiSii Ne uS aaDamii kaa batuaa chiiN Liyaa. “Somebody snatched that man’s wallet.” |
45. ढूँढना (dhuundhaNaa) “to find” | क्या तुमने कार की चाभी ढूंढ ली? kyaa TumaNe kaar kii caabhii dhuundh Lii? “Did you find the car keys?” |
46. इस्तेमाल करना (iSTemaaL karaNaa) “to use” | मेरे चाचा माइक्रोवेव ओवन का इस्तेमाल नहीं करते हैं। mere caacaa maaikrovev ovaN kaa iSTemaaL Nahiin karaTe hain. “My uncle doesn’t use the microwave oven.” |
47. पहुँचना (pahuncaNaa) “to arrive” | हम अभी-अभी रेलवे स्टेशन पहुँचे हैं। ham abhii-abhii reLave StesaN pahunce hain. “We have just arrived at the railway station.” |
48. निकलना (nikaLaNaa) “to leave” | मैं चार बजे दफ़्तर से निकलूंगा। main caar baje DafTar Se NikaLuungaa. “I will leave the office at four.” |
49. रखना (rakhaNaa) “to keep” | अपने ज़ेवर संभाल कर रखना। apaNe zevar SambhaaL kar rakhaNaa. “Keep your jewelry safely.” |
50. बुलाना (buLaaNaa) “to call” | माँ तुम्हें बुला रही हैं। maan Tumhen buLaa rahii hain. “Mother is calling you.” |
51. पीना (piiNaa) “to drink” | बिल्ली ने सारा दूध पी लिया। biLLii Ne Saaraa DuuDH pii Liyaa. “The cat drank all the milk.” |
52. खेलना (kheLaNaa) “to play” | ललित रोज़ बैडमिंटन खेलता है। LaLiT roz baidamiNtaN kheLaTaa hai. “Lalit plays badminton everyday.” |
53. शुरू करना (suruu karaNaa) “to start” | मैं कल से इस किताब पर काम शुरू कर दूंगा। main kaL Se iS kiTaab par kaam suruu kar Duungaa. “Tomorrow, I will start working on this book.” |